What is Alogliptin-metformin?
Alogliptin-metformin, also known as Xigduo XR, is a fixed-dose combination medication. Alogliptin belongs to the class of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors that helps regulate blood sugar levels by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4. Metformin, on the other hand, works as a biguanide to decrease glucose production in the liver and increase insulin sensitivity. This combination medication is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), helping patients control their blood sugar levels.
What is Alogliptin-metformin used for?
Alogliptin-Metformin, also known as Xilinva or Xigduo XR, is an oral antidiabetic combination medication. It is used to treat type 2 diabetes in adults.
Alogliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, works by inhibiting the action of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), an enzyme that breaks down incretin hormones, which stimulate insulin release and inhibit glucagon secretion. This results in increased levels of incretin hormones, leading to higher glucose-dependent insulin secretion, enhanced suppression of glucagon, and eventually, improved glycemic control.
Metformin, a biguanide, acts by decreasing hepatic glucose production, improving insulin sensitivity, and enhancing glucose uptake into the muscles. When combined with Alogliptin, this synergy provides enhanced glucose-lowering effects compared to either medication alone. By reducing fasting plasma glucose levels, Alogliptin-Metformin helps manage blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes. It does not stimulate insulin secretion and therefore should be used cautiously in patients at risk of hypoglycemia or those with a history of pancreatitis.
Alogliptin-Metformin is available as extended-release tablets containing either 25 mg/500 mg or 50 mg/1000 mg of Alogliptin/Metformin, respectively. It should be taken once daily in the morning without regard to meals, and its dosing and potential contraindications must be carefully considered by healthcare professionals when prescribing this medication.
Alogliptin-metformin side effects
Common potential side effects:
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Headache
- Muscle pain
- Fatigue
- Dizziness
- Stomach upset
- Weakness
- Rash
- Pruritus
- Elevated liver enzymes (ALT/AST)
- Increased creatinine levels
- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
Less common potential side effects:
- Pancreatitis
- Lactic acidosis (rare)
- Thrombocytopenia
- Agranulocytosis
- Angioedema
- Anaphylaxis
- Serious skin reactions
Rare but serious potential side effects:
- Severe allergic reactions
- Life-threatening anemia or thrombocytopenia
- Blood disorders
- Cardiovascular events
Disclaimer
The content on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. The information provided here is based on general research and may not apply to individual circumstances. We do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any content on this website. Always consult with a healthcare professional before making any changes to your medication or health routine.