Co-trimoxazole

What is Co-trimoxazole?

Co-trimoxazole (also known as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) is an antibiotic medication that combines two antibiotics, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. It works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria, thereby treating infections caused by susceptible organisms. Co-trimoxazole is effective against a wide range of bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, and skin and soft tissue infections. It is available in various formulations, including oral tablets and liquid suspensions, as well as injectable solutions for severe or hospitalized patients.

What is Co-trimoxazole used for?

Co-trimoxazole, also known as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), is an antibiotic medication used to treat various bacterial infections. It belongs to the class of sulfa antibiotics, which are synthetic compounds that inhibit bacterial growth by interfering with folic acid synthesis. Co-trimoxazole combines two active ingredients: trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. The combination of these two antimicrobials enhances their effectiveness and minimizes the emergence of resistance.

Co-trimoxazole is effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The medication is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs), respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia, and skin and soft tissue infections. It may also be prescribed for the prevention of bacterial infections in individuals with weakened immune systems or those undergoing chemotherapy. In some countries, co-trimoxazole is available over-the-counter (OTC) for self-medication purposes; however, prescription-only status applies in many jurisdictions, particularly where antibiotic resistance and misuse are concerns.

Co-trimoxazole side effects

  • Allergic reactions (such as rash, fever, swollen lymph glands)
  • Diarrhea
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Stomach pain
  • Vaginal itching or discharge (in women)
  • Fever
  • Muscle weakness
  • Blood disorders (such as low white blood cell count, anemia, bruising easily)
  • Changes in vision
  • Hearing loss
  • Confusion
  • Seizures (rarely)

Disclaimer

The content on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. The information provided here is based on general research and may not apply to individual circumstances. We do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any content on this website. Always consult with a healthcare professional before making any changes to your medication or health routine.