What is Dicloxacillin?
Dicloxacillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin antibiotic. It belongs to the class of beta-lactam antibiotics and has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, including Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Dicloxacillin works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, ultimately leading to bacterial death. Its use is primarily indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible organisms, particularly in patients who are allergic to penicillin G or experience penicillin resistance. It is typically administered orally and can be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.
What is Dicloxacillin used for?
Dicloxacillin is a semi-synthetic, narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the oxacephem class of antibiotics. It was first introduced in the early 1960s as an oral antibiotic and has been used primarily for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of Streptococcus pyogenes, particularly those associated with acute bacterial pharyngitis or strep throat.
Dicloxacillin is similar to penicillin V but has a longer elimination half-life, which allows it to be effective against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. It works by inhibiting cell wall synthesis in susceptible bacteria, leading to their death. Dicloxacillin is typically administered orally, usually every 4-6 hours, and its efficacy is enhanced when taken on an empty stomach. The drug is generally well-tolerated but may cause gastrointestinal disturbances or skin rashes as adverse effects in some individuals.
Dicloxacillin side effects
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Rash
- Itching
- Allergic reactions (rare)
- Skin rashes or hives
- Increased appetite
- Changes in sense of taste
- Bloating
- Stomach cramps
- Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
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